91: MENINGITIS

CONDITION/DISORDER SYNONYMS

• Leptomeningitis

• Bacterial meningitis

• Cryptococcal meningitis

• Haemophilus meningitis

ICD-9-CM CODES¹

• 320 Bacterial meningitis

• 320.0 Haemophilus meningitis

• 320.1 Pneumococcal meningitis

• 320.2 Streptococcal meningitis

• 320.3 Staphylococcal meningitis

• 320.7 Meningitis in other bacterial diseases classified elsewhere

• 320.89 Meningitis due to other specified bacteria

• 321 Meningitis due to other organisms

• 321.0 Cryptococcal meningitis

ICD-10-CM CODES²

• B45.1 Cerebral cryptococcosis

• G00.0 Haemophilus meningitis

• G00.1 Pneumococcal meningitis

• G00.2 Streptococcal meningitis

• G00.3 Staphylococcal meningitis

• G00.8 Other bacterial meningitis

• G00.9 Bacterial meningitis, unspecified

• G01 Meningitis in other bacterial diseases classified elsewhere

PREFERRED PRACTICE PATTERNS³

• 5A: Primary Prevention/Risk Reduction for Loss of Balance and Falling

• 5C: Impaired Motor Function and Sensory Integrity Associated With Nonprogressive Disorders of the Central Nervous System—congenital origin or acquired in infancy or childhood

• 5D: Impaired Motor Function and Sensory Integrity Associated With Nonprogressive Disorders of the Central Nervous System—acquired in adolescence or adulthood

• 5I: Impaired Arousal, Range of Motion and Motor Control Associated With Coma, Near Coma, or Vegetative State

KEY FEATURES

Description

• Infection of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord caused by a microorganism

• Severity and extent of the infection causes a wide range of neurologic signs and symptoms, generally nonfocal in nature

Essentials of Diagnosis

• Headache and neck stiffness are common with all infections of the central nervous system.

• No physical test distinguishes a bacterial from a viral infection; must rely on body fluid cultures.

• If a central nervous system infection is suspected, the therapist should seek information regarding a potential source of infection or a condition that predisposed the patient to infection.

General Considerations

• Haemophilus meningitis is caused by the haemophilus influenzae bacteria.

  • The most common form of meningitis.

  • Acquired following an upper respiratory infection.

• Bacterial meningitis is caused by a wide range of bacteria.

  • Onset of symptoms is very rapid and considered a medical emergency.

• Cryptococcal meningitis is caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans.

  • Found in soil around ...