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CHAPTER 1: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

1. The primary characteristic of the skin that enables it to withstand friction and shear forces is

a. The number of layers in the epidermis.

b. The amount of water and lipids in the interstitial spaces.

c. The reticular formation of the dermal/epidermal junction.

d. The nerve supply that alerts the body to abnormal mechanical forces.

1-c

2. Fibroblasts, mast cells, and macrophages, all necessary for skin renewal and regeneration, are located primarily

a. In the stratum basale of the epidermis.

b. In the papillary layer of the dermis.

c. In the reticular layer of the dermis.

d. Throughout all the layers of the dermis and epidermis.

2-b

3. The epidermal layer that is located in the palms and soles, giving them additional strength and thickness, is the

a. Stratum basale.

b. Stratum granulosum.

c. Stratum corneum.

d. Stratum lucidum.

3-d

4. The epidermis prevents loss of fluid because of its dense matrix of

a. Lipids and proteins.

b. Corneocytes.

c. Dermosomes.

d. Vitamin complexes.

4-a

5. Langerhans cells contribute to innate immunity by

a. Pricking the bacteria cell wall and causing cytoplasmic leaks.

b. Presenting antigens to the T-leukocytes.

c. Phagocytosis of dead tissue that feeds bacteria.

d. Creating an acidic environment on the skin surface.

5-b

6. Which cells are responsible for storing melanin in the form of melanosomes?

a. Corneocytes

b. Keratinocytes

c. Melanocytes

d. Monocytes

6-b

7. The ...