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Segment Lengths
SegmentMalesFemales
Head and neck10.7510.75
Trunk30.0029.00
Upper arm17.2017.30
Forearm15.7016.00
Hand5.755.75
Thigh23.2024.90
Lower leg24.7025.70
Foot4.254.25

Segment lengths expressed in percentages of total body height.

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Segment Weights
SegmentMalesFemales
Head8.268.20
Trunk46.8445.00
Upper arm3.252.90
Forearm1.871.57
Hand0.650.50
Thigh10.5011.75
Lower leg4.755.35
Foot1.431.33

Segment weights expressed in percentages of total body weight

From Plagenhoef S, Evans FG, and Abdelnour T: Anatomical data for analyzing human motion, Res Q Exerc Sport 54:169, 1983.

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Segmental Center of Gravity Locations
SegmentMalesFemales
Head and neck55.055.0
Trunk63.056.9
Upper arm43.645.8
Forearm43.043.4
Hand46.846.8
Thigh43.342.8
Lower leg43.441.9
Foot50.050.0

Segmental center of gravity locations expressed in percentages of segment lengths; measured from the proximal ends of segments.

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Segmental Radii of Gyration Measured from Proximal and Distal Segment Ends
MalesFemales
SegmentProximalDistalProximalDistal
Upper arm54.264.556.462.3
Forearm52.654.753.064.3
Hand54.954.954.954.9
Thigh54.065.353.565.8
Lower leg52.964.251.465.7
Foot69.069.069.069.0

Segmental radii of gyration expressed in percentages of segment lengths

*The values reported in these tables represent mean values for limited numbers of individuals as reported in the scientific literature.

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