| Shoulder
Joint |
| Coracobrachialis | Coracoid process of scapula | Inner surface of humerus opposite deltoid attachment | Musculocutaneous nerve |
| Deltoid | Anterior: anterior border of outer third of clavicle | | Axillary (circumflex) nerve |
| Middle: acromion process and outer end of clavicle | Lateral aspect of humerus, near midpoint | |
| Posterior: lower margin of spine of scapula | | |
| Infraspinatus and teres minor | Axillary border and posterior surface of scapula below scapular spine | Posterior aspect of greater tuberosity of humerus | Suprascapular and axillary nerves |
| Latissimus dorsi | Spinous processes of lower six thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae; posterior
surface of sacrum; crest of ilium; lower three ribs | Anterior surface of humerus below head by flat tendon
just anterior to, and parallel with, tendon of pectoralis major | Thoracodorsal (middle subscapular) nerve |
| Pectoralis major | Medial two-thirds of clavicle; anterior surface of sternum;
cartilages of first six ribs; slip from aponeurosis of external
oblique abdominal muscle | Lateral surface of humerus just below head by flat
tendon 2 to 3 inches wide | Medial and lateral anterior thoracic nerves |
| Subscapularis | Entire anterior surface of scapula | Lesser tuberosity of humerus | Subscapular nerve |
| Supraspinatus | Medial two-thirds of supraspinatus fossa above scapular spine | Top of greater tuberosity of humerus | Suprascapular nerve |
| Teres major | Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula | Anterior surface of humerus below head, just medial to latissimus
dorsi tendon | Lower subscapular nerve |
| Shoulder
Girdle |
| Coracobrachialis | Coracoid process of scapula | Inner surface of humerus opposite deltoid attachment | Musculocutaneous nerve |
| Levator scapulae | Transverse processes of first four cervical vertebrae | Vertebral border of scapula between medial angle and scapular
spine | Dorsal scapular and branches from third and fourth cervical
nerves |
| Pectoralis minor | Anterior surface of third, fourth, and fifth ribs near cartilages | Tip of coracoid processes of scapula | Medial anterior thoracic nerve |
| Rhomboids: major and minor | Spinous processes of seventh cervical and first five thoracic
vertebrae | Vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle | Dorsal scapular nerve |
| Serratus anterior | Outer surface of upper nine ribs at side of chest | Anterior surface of vertebral border and inferior angle of
scapula | Long thoracic nerve |
| Trapezius | Occipital bone; ligamentum nuchae; spinous processes of seventh
cervical and all thoracic vertebrae | Part I: posterior border of lateral third of clavicle | Spinal accessory and branches from third and fourth cervical
nerves |
| | Part II: top of acromium process | |
| | Part III: upper border of scapular spine | |
| | Part IV: root of scapular spine | |
| Elbow
and Forearm |
| Anconeus | Posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus | Lateral side of olecranon process and posterior surface of
upper part of ulna | Branch from radial nerve |
| Biceps brachii | Long head: upper margin of glenoid fossa | Bicipital tuberosity of radius | Musculocutaneous nerve |
| Short head: apex of coracoid process of scapula | | |
| Brachialis humerus | Anterior surface of lower half of humerus | Anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna | Musculocutaneous and branch from radial nerves |
| Brachioradialis | Upper two-thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | Lateral side of base of styloid process of radius | Radial nerve |
| Pronator teres | Medial epicondyle of humerus and medial side of coronoid
process of ulna | Lateral surface of radius near middle | Medial nerve |
| Pronator quadratus | Anterior surface of lower one-fourth of ulna | Anterior surface of lower one-fourth of radius | Branch from median nerve |
| Supinator | Lateral condyle of humerus; adjacent portion of ulna; radial
collateral and annular ligaments | Lateral surface of upper third of radius | Branch from deep radial nerve |
| Triceps brachii | Long head: infraglenoid tuberosity | Olecranon process of ulna | Radial nerve |
| Lateral head: posterior surface of upper half of humerus | |
| Medial head: posterior surface of lower two-thirds of humerus | |
| Wrist |
| Extensor carpi radialis brevis | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | Posterior surface of base of third metacarpal | Radial nerve |
| Extensor carpi radialis longus | Lateral epicondyle of humerus and supracondylar ridge above | Posterior surface of base of second metacarpal | Radial nerve |
| Extensor carpi ulnaris | By two heads from lateral epicondyle of humerus and middle third
of posterior ridge of ulna | Posterior surface of base of fifth metacarpal | Deep radial nerve |
| Flexor carpi radialis | Medial epicondyle of humerus | Anterior surface of base of second metacarpal | Median nerve |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris | By two heads from medial condyle of humerus and medial border
of olecranon process of ulna | Palmar surface of pisiform and hamate carpal bones, and base
of fifth metacarpal | Ulnar nerve |
| Palmaris longus | Medial epicondyle of humerus | Transverse carpal ligament and palmar aponeurosis | Median nerve |
| Thumb
and Fingers |
| Abductor pollicis longus | Dorsolateral surface of ulna below anconeus, dorsal surface
of radius near center, and intervening interosseous membrane | Lateral surface of base of first metacarpal | Deep radial nerve |
| Extensor digiti minimi | Proximal tendon of extensor digitorum | Fifth finger’s extensor digitorum tendon | Deep radial nerve |
| Extensor digitorum | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | By four tendons, one to each finger, each tendon dividing
into three slips, the middle one attaching to dorsal surface of
second phalanx and the other two uniting to attach to dorsal surface
of base of distal phalanx | Deep radial nerve |
| Extensor indicis | Dorsal surface of lower half of ulna | Index finger’s extensor digitorum tendon | Deep radial nerve |
| Extensor pollicis brevis | Dorsal surface of radius below abductor pollicis longus | Dorsal surface of base of first phalanx | Deep radial nerve |
| Extensor pollicis longus | Dorsal surface of middle third of ulna | Dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx | Deep radial nerve |
| Flexor digitorum profundus | Upper two-thirds of anterior and medial surfaces of ulna | By four tendons (one to each finger) to base of distal phalanx, after
passing through tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis | Interosseous branch of median nerve |
| Flexor digitorum superficialis | Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral
ligament, medial margin of coronoid process | By four tendons to the four fingers, each
tendon splitting to attach to either side of base of middle phalanx | Median nerve |
| Radial head: oblique line on anterior surface of radial shaft | |
| Flexor pollicis longus | Anterior surface of middle half of radius | Anterior surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb | Volar interosseous branch of median nerve |
| Abductor digiti minimi | Pisiform bone and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris | Ulnar side of base of first phalanx of fifth finger and ulnar
border of aponeurosis of extensor digiti minimi | Ulnar nerve |
| Abductor pollicis brevis | Anterior surface of transverse carpal ligament and greater
multangular and navicular bones | Radial side of base of first phalanx of thumb | Median nerve |
| Adductor pollicis | Carpal (oblique) head: deep carpal ligaments, capitate bone,
and bases of second and third metacarpals | Ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of
thumb | Deep palmar branch of ulnar nerve |
| Metacarpal (transverse) head: lower two-thirds of anterior
surface of third metacarpal |
| Flexor digiti minimi brevis | Hook of hamate bone and adjacent parts of transverse carpal
ligament | Ulnar side of base of first phalanx of fifth finger | Palmar division of ulnar nerve |
| Flexor pollicis brevis | Superficial head: greater multangular bone and adjacent part
of transverse carpal ligament | Superficial head: radial side of base of first phalanx of
thumb | Median nerve |
| Deep head: ulnar side of first metacarpal | Deep head: ulnar side of base of first phalanx of thumb | |
| Interossei dorsales | By two heads from adjacent sides of metacarpals in each interspace | Base of proximal phalanx and aponeurosis of extensor muscles on
each side of middle finger, on thumb side of index finger, and on
ulnar side of fourth finger | Palmar branch of ulnar nerve |
| Interossei palmares | First: ulnar side of second metacarpal | First: ulnar side of base of first phalanx of index finger
and expansion of extensor digitorum tendon | Ulnar nerve |
| Second: radial side of fourth metacarpal | Second: radial side of base of first phalanx of fourth finger
and expansion of extensor digitorum tendon | |
| Third: radial side of fifth metacarpal | Third: radial side of base of first phalanx of fifth finger
and expansion of extensor digitorum tendon | |
| Lumbricales | Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus in center of
palm | Extensor aponeuroses on radial side of proximal phalanges | First and second: median nerve; third and fourth: ulnar nerve |
| Opponens digiti minimi | Hook of hamate bone and adjacent parts of transverse carpal
ligament | Entire length of ulnar border of fifth metacarpal | Deep palmar branch of ulnar nerve |
| Opponens pollicis | Anterior surface of greater multangular bone and transverse
carpal ligament | Entire radial border of anterior surface of first metacarpal | Median nerve |