Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content ++ Cervical spondylosisSpinal osteoarthritis ++ 721 Spondylosis and allied disorders721.0 Cervical spondylosis without myelopathy721.1 Cervical spondylosis with myelopathy721.9 Spondylosis of unspecified site721.90 Spondylosis of unspecified site without myelopathy721.91 Spondylosis of unspecified site with myelopathy ++ M47.12 Other spondylosis with myelopathy, cervical regionM47.812 Spondylosis without myelopathy or radiculopathy, cervical regionM47.819 Spondylosis without myelopathy or radiculopathy, site unspecified ++ 4B: Impaired Posture14D: Impaired Joint Mobility, Motor Function, Muscle Performance, and Format Range of Motion Associated with Connective Tissue Dysfunction24E: Impaired Joint Mobility, Motor Function, Muscle Performance, and ROM Associated with Localized Inflammation3 +++ Description ++ Osteoarthritis of the cervical spineChronic degenerationProgressive arthritis of the cervical spinal jointsAs space between the vertebrae decreases, there may be compression onto the nerve rootsArthritis can be central- or lateral-foramen basedCentral: usually bilateral symptomsLateral: usually unilateralPain, paresthesia, and weakness in the upper extremities, can effect lower extremities if central and severe Pressure on the nerve root can cause radiculopathy +++ Essentials of Diagnosis ++ X-rayAcute painful flare-ups, chronic persistent painRelief with NSAIDsMorning stiffness +++ General Considerations ++ Begins with intermittent pain Pain and stiffness at rest/sleepImproved with low-level activityMay have rapid and severe onsetVertebrobasilar insufficiency is secondary problem +++ Demographics ++ Common in adults aged 60 years and older +++ Signs and Symptoms ++ FatigueStiffnessHeaviness in the upper extremitiesLoss of range of motion and joint playIntermittent pain, increases with weight bearingParesthesiaTingling sensation in the upper extremityDiminished reflexesLower motor neuron dysfunctionMuscle weakness in the armRadiculopathyCharacteristics of the different syndromes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy +++ Functional Implications ++ Limited mobility in cervical motionDifficulty looking over shoulder while drivingMay have difficulty washing hair at hair dresser due to cervical spine extensionIncreased symptoms with increased weight-bearingAerobic endurance limitation +++ Possible Contributing Causes ++ Family history of osteoarthritisBone spursInstabilityWeaknessPoor postureLimited flexibility +++ Differential Diagnosis ++ Spinal stenosisDisc herniationReiter’s syndrome (reactive arthritis)Whipple’s diseaseFacet joint arthritisRheumatoid arthritis +++ Imaging ++ X-ray of the cervical spineMRI of the cervical spine ++ Decreased space between the cervical vertebrae on X-ray +++ Medication ++ NSAIDsCorticosteroids ++ To rheumatologist to assess underlying complicationsTo orthopedic surgeon for surgical consult ++ MobilityFunctional rotation and bending ++ Cervical spine AROM ++ Education in gentle range of motion to maintain mobilityExercise: flexibility and stability strengthening to decrease stress ... Your Access profile is currently affiliated with [InstitutionA] and is in the process of switching affiliations to [InstitutionB]. Please select how you would like to proceed. Keep the current affiliation with [InstitutionA] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Switch affiliation to [InstitutionB] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Error: Incorrect UserName or Password Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Sign in Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth You already have access! Please proceed to your institution's subscription. Create a free profile for additional features.