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CONDITION/DISORDER SYNONYMS
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S13.4XXA Sprain of ligaments of cervical spine, initial encounter
S13.8XXA Sprain of joints and ligaments of other parts of neck, initial encounter
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PREFERRED PRACTICE PATTERNS
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4D: Impaired Joint Mobility, Motor Function, Muscle Performance, And Range Of Motion Associated with Connective Tissue Dysfunction1
4E: Impaired Joint Mobility, Motor Function, Muscle Performance, and Range of Motion Associated with Localized Inflammation
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PATIENT PRESENTATION
A 43-year-old male presents with reports of generalized neck pain and stiffness 9 days post motor vehicle accident. The patient was traveling approximately 30 miles per hour when his vehicle collided with another vehicle. The patient received cervical spine and open mouth radiographs in the hospital emergency department revealing no abnormalities. Currently, cervical range of motion is limited in all directions with axial cervical spine pain. Hypertonicity is noted in the cervical musculature particularly bilateral sternocleidomastoid and scalenes. Instability testing is negative but craniocervical flexion testing reveals impaired longus colli and capitis control with movement generated by anterior scalene and sternocleidomastoid. Encouragement and education appears to help the patient increase cervical spine movement.
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WAD: Injury dysfunction and symptoms
Cervical acceleration–deceleration injury (CAD): Mechanism of injury
Traumatic neck pain from being hit from behind
Quick movement through a S curve causing upper cervical flexion and lower cervical hyperextension2
Post-traumatic mechanism of injury to the head/neck, most commonly secondary to motor vehicle accident3
Injury to the soft tissues, joint capsule and ligaments, zygapophyseal joint, central or peripheral neurologic systems, intervertebral disk, posterior (dorsal) root ganglia, vascular structures (verterbrobasilar arteries), and visceral structures (secondary to ruptures or contusions)3
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