TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Skeletal Trauma: Upper Extremity
A1  - Wenokor, Cornelia
A1  - Blacksin, Marcia F.
A2  - Tehranzadeh, Jamshid
PY  - 2016
T2  - Basic Musculoskeletal Imaging
AB  - The  shoulder  girdle  consists  of  the  clavicle,  scapula,  and  humerus.  It  connects  the  upper  extremity  to  the  axial  skeleton  with  only  one  true  joint,  the  sternoclavicular  joint.  Between  the  scapula  and  the  thorax,  there  is  a  muscular  connection,  allowing  for  extended  mobility,  compared  to  the  limited  mobility  of  the  pelvic  girdle.  The  joints  of  the  shoulder  girdle  are  the  glenohumeral  or  shoulder  joint,  the  acromioclavicular  (AC)  joint,  and  the  sternoclavicular  joint.  The  scapula  is  a  complex  bone  and  serves  as  a  muscle  attachment  site.  Seventeen  muscles  surround  the  scapula,  supporting  movement  and  stabilizing  the  shoulder.  The  scapula  extends  from  the  second  to  the  seventh  rib  and  has  30°  anterior  tilt.  Scapular  fractures  (Figure  2-1)  are  relatively  uncommon.  They  require  high-energy  and  associated  injuries,  such  as  other  fractures,  pulmonary  contusions,  pneumothorax,  neurovascular  injuries,  and  spine  injuries,  which  occur  in  35–98%  of  patients.1,2  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/16
UR  - accessphysiotherapy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127375892
ER  -