TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Gastrointestinal Disease A1 - Mills, Jason C. A1 - Ciorba, Matthew A. A2 - Hammer, Gary D. A2 - McPhee, Stephen J. PY - 2019 T2 - Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, 8e AB - Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases most often present with one or more of four common classes of symptoms and signs: (1) abdominal or chest pain; (2) altered ingestion of food (eg, resulting from nausea, vomiting, dysphagia [difficulty swallowing], odynophagia [painful swallowing], or anorexia [lack of appetite]); (3) altered bowel movements (ie, diarrhea or constipation); and (4) GI tract bleeding, either occurring without warning or preceded by one or more of the foregoing (Table 13–1). However, not all cases of a particular GI disease present in the same way. For example, peptic ulcer disease, although typically accompanied by abdominal pain, may be painless. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/13 UR - accessphysiotherapy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1156658388 ER -