RT Book, Section
A1 kibble, Jonathan D.
SR Print(0)
ID 1172667254
T1 Endocrine Physiology
T2 The Big Picture Physiology: Medical Course & Step 1 Review, 2e
YR 2020
FD 2020
PB McGraw Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260122503
LK accessphysiotherapy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1172667254
RD 2024/04/18
AB A  hormone  is  a  chemical  produced  by  the  body  that  has  a  specific  regulatory  effect  on  a  target  cell  or  organ.Chemical  signaling  can  occur  in  three  modes  (Figure  8-1).Endocrine:  The  hormone  is  carried  a  large  distance  via  the  blood.Paracrine:  The  hormone  only  diffuses  in  local  extracellular  fluid.Autocrine:  The  hormone  acts  at  receptors  on  the  cell  that  secreted  it  (e.g.,  growth  factors  made  by  cancer  cells).The  seven  classical  endocrine  glands  are  the  pituitary,  adrenal,  thyroid,  parathyroid,  pancreas,  testis,  and  ovary  (Table  8-1).Other  organs  also  secrete  hormones  (e.g.,  hypothalamus,  heart,  kidney,  gastrointestinal  tract,  liver,  adipose  tissue,  bone).Endocrine  diseases  may  be  caused  by  excess  or  deficiency  of  a  hormone  or  by  defects  in  hormone  receptors  or  downstream  intracellular  signaling.Certain  neoplasms  (e.g.,  small  cell  lung  cancer)  may  secrete  hormones,  causing  paraneoplastic  syndromes.