RT Book, Section A1 Hamilton, Nancy A1 Weimar, Wendi A1 Luttgens, Kathryn SR Print(0) ID 6153740 T1 Appendix A. Classification of Joints and Their Movements T2 Kinesiology: Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 11e YR 2008 FD 2008 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-297297-9 LK accessphysiotherapy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=6153740 RD 2024/03/29 AB Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintClassification of Joints and Their MovementsTypeArticulationMovementDiarthrodial: NonaxialShoulder girdleSternoclavicularLimited motion of end of clavicle in all three planesElevation–depressionForward-backwardRotation: forward-downward; backward-upwardAcromioclavicularMovements of scapula (including motion in both joints)Irregular; Arthrodial; PlaneElevation–depressionRotation: upward-downwardAbduction–adductionUpward tilt—reduction of sameIntercarpalSlight gliding movements in cooperation with movements of wrist and metacarpalsIntertarsalSlight gliding movements in cooperation with movements of talonavicular and ankle jointsDiarthrodial: UniaxialElbowHumeroulnarFlexion–extension–hyperextension (slight)KneeTibiofemoralFlexion–extension–hyperextension (slight)Hinge; GinglymusAnkleTalotibial and talofibularDorsiflexion–plantar flexion (extension)Fingers and thumbFlexion–extensionInterphalangealToesInterphalangealFlexion–extensionForearmProximal and distal radioulnarSupination–pronationPivot; Screw; TrochoidNeckAtlantoaxial (first and second cervical)Rotation: right-leftDiarthrodial: BiaxialWristFlexion–extension–hyperextensionRadiocarpalAbduction–adductionFingersMetacarpophalangealFlexion–extensionAbduction–adductionCondyloid; Ovoid; EllipsoidalToesMetatarsophalangealFlexion–extension–hyperextensionAbduction–adduction (limited)HeadOccipitoatlantalFlexion–extension–hyperextensionLateral flexion: right-leftSaddle; Seller; Reciprocal receptionThumbCarpometacarpalFlexion–extension–hyperextensionAbduction–adductionOpposition (combination of abduction, hyperflexion, and possibly slight inward rotation)*Diarthrodial: TriaxialShoulderFlexion–extension–hyperextensionGlenohumeralAbduction–adductionRotation: outward-inwardBall-and-socket; EnarthrodialHorizontal adduction (from abduction)Horizontal abduction (from flexion)HipFemoroacetabularFlexion–extension–hyperextensionAbduction–adductionRotation: outward-inwardHorizontal adduction (from abduction)Horizontal abduction (from flexion)Shallow ball-and-socketFootDorsiflexion–plantar flexion (very slight)TalonavicularAbduction–adduction (slight)Inversion–eversion (very slight)Combination Diarthrodial Nonaxial and Fibrocartilaginous SynarthrodialTriaxial simulated ball-and-socketVertebral bodies Intervertebral cartilagesFlexionExtensionHyperextensionLateral flexion: right-leftRotation: right-leftNonaxial irregularVertebral arches*Opinions differ with respect to inward rotation.